Wintertime Emissivities of the Arctic Sea Ice Types at the AMSR2 Frequencies

The surface effective emissivities of Arctic sea ice are calculated using Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) measurements. These analyzed for stable winter conditions during the months January–May and November December 2020 several main types defined with maps Antarctic Research Institute (AARI). derived from AMSR2 data radiation transfer model a non-scattering atmosphere ERA5 reanalysis data. only areas totally consolidated definite types. Probability distribution functions built their such as nilas, young ice, thin first-year (FY) medium FY thick multi-year ice. emissivity variations frequency estimated each considered type all seven months. both gradients at channel frequencies. Obtained turned out to be generally lower than reported previously in scientific studies, whereas variability values proved much larger was known before. For types, frequencies, an increase beginning its decrease by end May observed. demonstrate noticeable decreases age, may used classification algorithms based on